writer/editor, Invasive Plant Research Laboratory, USDA/ARS.

Scoles, John C

Caution - manage to prevent escape. May be recommended by IFAS. Will be reassessed in two years.

Predicted to be invasive and not recommended by IFAS. Will be reassessed every 10 years. In particular cases, this species may be considered for use under specific management practices that have been approved by the IFAS Invasive Plant Working Group.

Invasive and not recommended by IFAS. Will be reassessed every 10 years. Specified and limited uses may be considered by the IFAS Invasive Plants Working Group.

Invasive and not recommended by IFAS. Will be reassessed every 10 years. Specified and limited uses may be considered by the IFAS Invasive Plants Working Group

Low Risk for invasion, therefore Not considered a problem species at this time. May be recommended by IFAS. Reassessed every 10 years.

This species was evaluated with the Predictive Tool and received an intermediate score (1-6).  The Secondary Screening was implemented, but not enough information was available to reach a conclusion.

Not considered a problem species at this time. May be recommended by IFAS. Reassessed every 10 years.

Prohibited from use in Florida according to the Federal Noxious Weed List, the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services (FDACS) 5B-64.011 Prohibited Aquatic Plants, or FDACS 5B-57.007 Noxious Weed List.

John C. Scoles

external

Publications

How Scientists Obtain Approval to Release Organisms for Classical Biological Control of Invasive Plants

Biological Control Containment Facilities in Florida