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Trophic State: A Useful Scale for Classifying Lakes Based on Biological Productivity

Elizabeth Moreau andGretchen Lescord


Release Date: 6/26/2025

DOI: 10.32473/edis-fa268-2025

Natural Resources

Abstract

Lakes are diverse and come in all shapes and sizes. The Trophic State Classification System allows people to group waterbodies into one of four categories, called “trophic states,” based on their level of biological productivity. Knowing what these terms mean can help you understand how your waterbody compares to others, and what changes in its water quality over time could mean. This publication explains how water chemistry is used to determine a waterbody’s trophic state; what criteria are used to define the four trophic states; which trophic state category your waterbody fits into; and how the Trophic State Classification System can be useful.

About this Publication

This document is FA268, one of a series of the School of Forest, Fisheries, and Geomatics Sciences, Program in Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences and the Florida Sea Grant College Program. Original publication date June 2025. Visit the EDIS website at https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu for the currently supported version of this publication. © 2025 UF/IFAS. This publication is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 

How to Cite

Moreau, E., & Lescord, G. (2025). Trophic State: A Useful Scale for Classifying Lakes Based on Biological Productivity. EDIS, 2025(3). https://doi.org/10.32473/edis-fa268-2025

Authors

Elizabeth Moreau
Elizabeth Moreau
staff
University of Florida

research administration manager, LAKEWATCH, UF/IFAS School of Forest, Fisheries and Geomatics Sciences

Gretchen Lescord
Gretchen Lescord
Specialist
University of Florida

assistant professor, applied limnology, Florida LAKEWATCH Program, UF/IFAS School of Forest, Fisheries, and Geomatics Sciences, Gainesville, FL

Publication #FA268

Peer Reviewed
General Public