Chris Marble

0000-0003-4928-7586

Distribution, Identification, and Management of Two-Leaf Nightshade (Solanum diphyllum), an Invasive Plant in Florida

Stephen H. Brown, Chris Marble, and Stephen F. Enloe

Two-leaf nightshade, Solanum diphyllum, is a member of the Solanaceae or potato family. The common garden tomatoes, peppers, and eggplants also belong to the Solanaceae family. The genus Solanum is associated with plants known as nightshades.

Biology and Management of Creeping Beggarweed (Desmodium incanum) in Warm-Season Turf

Grantly Ricketts and Chris Marble

Herbicidas Postemergentes para Uso en Ornamentales

E. Vanessa Vassilaros, S. Chris Marble y Jeffrey G. Norcini

Biology and Management of Garden Spurge (Euphorbia hirta) in Ornamental Crop Production

Thomas Smith, Chris Marble, Shawn Steed, and Nathan Boyd

Biology and Management of Pilea microphylla (Artillery Weed) in Ornamental Crop Production

Debalina Saha, S. Chris Marble, Shawn Steed, and Nathan S. Boyd

Postemergent Herbicides for Use in Ornamentals

Jeffrey G. Norcini and Chris Marble

Biology and Management of Nostoc (Cyanobacteria) in Nurseries and Greenhouses

H. Dail Laughinghouse IV, David E. Berthold, Chris Marble, and Debalina Saha

Biology and Management of Galinsoga (Galinsoga quadriradiata) in Ornamental Crop Production

Thomas Smith, Chris Marble, Shawn Steed, and Nathan Boyd

Galinsoga is an erect (upright), herbaceous, short-lived warm-season annual weed in Florida landscapes, container nurseries, and other agricultural production systems. This article is written for green-industry professionals and others to aid in the identification and management of galinsoga in and around ornamental plants.

Galling Damage to Woody Ornamentals: Diagnosis and Potential Causes

Adam Dale, Erin Harlow, Carrie Harmon, and Chris Marble

Biology and Management of Dodder (Cuscuta spp.) in Ornamental Crop Production and Landscapes

Kaley Mierek, Chris Marble, Nathan Boyd, and Shawn Steed

Biology and Management of Hairy Bittercress (Cardamine hirsuta) in Ornamental Crop Production

Chris Marble, Shawn Steed, and Nathan S. Boyd

Use of Glyphosate and Herbicide Alternatives for Weed Control in Florida Landscape Planting Beds

Chris Marble, Joe Neal, and Andy Senesac

This article is written for landscape professionals and those maintaining landscape areas to guide them in selecting alternatives to glyphosate for postemergence weed control in Florida. Information is also included on preemergence herbicides and integrated weed management (use of chemical and non-chemical controls), which should be the basis of a weed management program.

Biology and Management of Spanish Needles (Bidens spp.) in Ornamental Crop Production

Yuvraj Khamare, Chris Marble, Shawn Steed, and Nathan Boyd

Biología y Manejo de Nostoc (Cyanobacteria) en Viveros e Invernaderos

H. Dail Laughinghouse IV, David E. Berthold, Chris Marble y Debalina Saha

Biology and Management of Pusley (Richardia L.) in Tomato, Pepper, Cucurbit, and Strawberry Production

Shaun M. Sharpe, Nathan S. Boyd, Chris Marble, and Shawn Steed

Biology and Management of Ragweed Parthenium (Parthenium hysterophorous L.) in Ornamental Crop Production

Debalina Saha, S. Chris Marble, Robert H. Stamps, Shawn Steed, and Nathan S. Boyd

Biology and Management of Common Chickweed (Stellaria media) in Ornamental Crop Production

Yuvraj Khamare, S. Chris Marble, Nathan S. Boyd, and Shawn Steed

Florida Homeowner Herbicide Guide: Considerations, Applications, and Selection

S. Chris Marble

Biology and Management of Liverwort (Marchantia polymorpha) in Ornamental Crop Production

Chris Marble, Marc S. Frank, Dail Laughinghouse, Shawn Steed, and Nathan Boyd

Biology and Management of Goosegrass (Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn.) in Ornamental Plant Production

Shawn Steed, S. Chris Marble, Nathan S. Boyd, Andrew MacRae, and Kiran Fnu

Weed Control for Ornamentals Inside Greenhouses and Other Enclosed Structures

S. Chris Marble and Jeremy Pickens

Maintaining a weed-free greenhouse is important for producing healthy and marketable crops. Weeds will compete with crops for water, light, and nutrients. Weeds can find favorable conditions for growth in gravel and along edges, tears, and worn areas of ground cloth. It is important to frequently scout for weeds. This 5-page fact sheet describes both chemical methods of controlling weeds, but also non-chemical methods, such as sanitation and prevention, hand weeding, and cultural control practices.

Butterfly Pea (Clitoria ternatea) Flower Extract (BPFE) and Its Use as a pH-Dependent Natural Colorant

Sean M. Campbell, Brian J. Pearson, S. Chris Marble, Danielle Yuabov, and Katherine Witrick

A UF/IFAS numbered peer reviewed Fact Sheet. in support of UF/IFAS Extension program: Food Systems

Biology and Management of Yellow (Cyperus escuelentus) and Purple Nutsedge (C. rotundus) in Ornamental Crop Production and Landscapes

Debalina Saha, Chris Marble, Nathan Boyd, and Shawn Steed

A UF/IFAS numbered peer reviewed Management for Commercial audience(s). Published by Plant Systems

Common Poisonous Houseplant Species in Florida

Yuvraj Khamare and Chris Marble

Plants inside our homes, offices, or those used as part of a patio garden have been shown to create a relaxed, productive environment and to improve indoor air quality. Overall, they are efficient, low-cost, and sustainable. While houseplants are safe to grow and provide many benefits, some can be toxic if ingested accidentally, which could be a concern for those with pets or small children. This publication is intended to inform homeowners, home gardeners, pest management professionals, and other plant enthusiasts of some of the most common poisonous plant species used as houseplants in Florida. It should be noted that while photos are provided of each species, there are many variations of each plant described, which could have different foliage color, variegations, slightly different leaf shapes, or flower colors.

Biology and Management of Eclipta (Eclipta prostrata) in Ornamental Crop Production

Chris Marble, Shawn Steed, and Nathan S. Boyd

A UF/IFAS numbered Management for Commercial audience(s). in support of UF/IFAS Extension program: Integrated Pest Management

Weeds as Indicators of Soil Conditions in Lawns and Landscapes

Norma Samuel and Chris Marble

The purpose of this publication is to provide examples of weeds commonly found under certain environmental conditions. While weeds can be an indicator of a certain condition, some weed species can thrive in many different environments and are indicated in the following tables with an asterisk. For example, spotted spurge (Euphorbia maculata) can be indicative of a dry site, but it will grow and spread very well in sites that are over-irrigated also. The presence of one or two weed species is not necessarily diagnostic to a specific cultural problem, but heavy infestations or the presence of multiple species that prefer a particular condition could indicate that cultural practices should be altered.

Key Plant, Key Pests: Pine Species (Pinus sp.)

Juanita Popenoe, Jacqueline Bourdon, Caroline R. Warwick, and Chris Marble

A UF/IFAS numbered peer reviewed Fact Sheet. Published by Integrated Pest Management

Biology and Management of Dayflowers (Commelina spp.) in Ornamental Plant Production and Landscapes in Florida

Heather Kalaman and Chris Marble

Several native and non-native dayflower (Commelina) species can be found in Florida landscapes and production nurseries. Two of the most widely distributed species include the native whitemouth dayflower (Commelina erecta) and the non-native spreading dayflower (Commelina diffusa), which is thought to have been introduced to Florida from Asia. Both species are widely distributed and have been vouchered in nearly every county in Florida. This publication is written for home gardeners and other green industry professionals to aid in the proper identification of these two common dayflower species. General management information is included for both dayflower species.

Biology and Management of Mulberry Weed (Fatoua villosa) in Ornamental Crop Production

S. Chris Marble and Shawn Steed

This 4-page fact sheet discusses the characteristics of mulberry weed (Fatoua villosa) and explains how to control its growth in a nursery environment.

Biology and Management of Praxelis (Praxelis clematidea) in Ornamental Crop Production

Yuvraj Khamare, Chris Marble, Shawn Steed, and Nathan Boyd

A UF/IFAS numbered peer reviewed Management for Commercial audience(s). Published by Integrated Pest Management

Improving Weed Control in Landscape Planting Beds

Chris Marble and Andrew Koeser

A UF/IFAS numbered Management. in support of UF/IFAS Extension program: Integrated Pest Management

Key Plant, Key Pests: Crapemyrtle (Lagerstroemia)

Juanita Popenoe, Caroline R. Warwick, and Chris Marble

This publication helps identify the most common pests found on the Crapemyrtle (Lagerstroemia). Crapemyrtle are known for being one of the most pest-free landscape plants. This publication provides information and general management recommendations for the crapemyrtle aphid, metallic beetles and powdery mildew. 

Common Preemergence Herbicide Application Equipment and Considerations for Container Nursery Operations

Yuvraj Khamare and Chris Marble

Weeds are a costly and continual threat to ornamental nursery profitability. Due to a lack of labeled postemergence herbicide options, growers typically rely on timely preemergence herbicide applications for weed control, among other methods such as hand-weeding. While preemergence herbicides are usually the most cost-effective method of weed control, labor and chemical costs can still be high. In some cases, costs can be reduced and weed control can be improved by making changes to the equipment that is used to apply preemergence herbicides, or by potentially changing the herbicide formulation that is used. This publication was written for nursery managers to provide an overview of the types of herbicide equipment that are commonly used in nursery production, to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each, and to highlight considerations regarding herbicide formulations and how they may impact different aspects of weed control and ornamental plant tolerance.

Guidelines for Hiring a Florida-Friendly Landscape Professional

Esen Momol, Claire Lewis, Tom Wichmann, Elisha Cash, Jennifer Marvin, Michelle Atkinson, Julie McConnell, Kristina McIntyre, Chris Marble, Bryan Unruh, Lynn Barber, Stacie Greco, Ben Bolusky, Merry Mott, Deirdre Irwin, Betsy McGill, Cheryl Harris, E

Many residents evaluate their landscape professionals on price alone; however, quality landscaping is an investment in your property. Knowing what to look for in a landscape professional will help you get the most for your investment, ensure your yard reaches its greatest potential and protect Florida’s water and other natural resources. This new 7-page document, published by the UF/IFAS Environmental Horticulture Department, is intended to provide guidance to residents and entities such as HOA community associations when hiring a landscape professional.

Common Poisonous Weed and Invasive Plant Species in Florida Residential Landscapes

Yuvraj Khamare and Chris Marble

This new 10-page publication of the UF/IFAS Environmental Horticulture Department is intended to inform home gardeners, pest management professionals, and other plant enthusiasts of some of the most common poisonous invasive plants or weed species common in home landscapes in Florida, with particular focus on species that could potentially cause harm if ingested. Written by Yuvraj Khamare and Chris Marble.

Biology and Management of Tasselflower (Emilia spp.) in Ornamental Crop Production

Yuvraj Khamare, Chris Marble, Shawn Steed, and Nathan Boyd

The name tasselflower refers to two similar and closely related species, red or lilac tasselflower and Florida tasselflower. These species are very common in Florida nurseries, greenhouses, and landscapes. This new 6-page article was developed to help nursery growers, landscape professionals, and the general public identify tasselflower species, understand their biology, and provide information on ways to manage this weed. Written by Yuvraj Khamare, Chris Marble, Shawn Steed, and Nathan Boyd.

Biology and Management of Pusley (Richardia L.) in Turfgrass and Landscape Planting Beds

Evan Anderson, Pawel Petelewicz, and Chris Marble

This new 7-page article was written for homeowners and green industry professionals to aid in the identification and management of the three most common pusleys, including Florida, Brazilian, and largeflower pusley (Richardia spp.), in turfgrass and landscape planting beds. Written by Evan Anderson, Pawel Petelewicz, and Chris Marble, and published by the UF/IFAS Environmental Horticulture Department.

Using Mulch for Weed Control in Container Plant Production

Yuvraj Khamare and Chris Marble

Weed management in container plant production is a serious problem and remains one of the most expensive and time-consuming aspects of the plant nursery industry. Weeds compete for light, water, nutrients, and space, which ultimately results in decreased crop growth and yield. Weed management in container nurseries is primarily based on the use of timely preemergence (PRE) herbicides and supplemental hand weeding. The most challenging downside to applying PRE herbicides is often crop safety for many herbicide-sensitive crops commonly produced by Florida growers. Also, herbicide labels typically preclude application on bearing plants or for up to 12 months before fruit can be harvested. Due to these concerns, among the most commonly adopted non-chemical approaches to weed management in recent times is the utilization of mulch. This publication discusses best mulching practices, mulch types, application techniques, cost, and other management practices in container plant production.

Proper Use and Handling of Glyphosate in Plant Nurseries

Shawn T. Steed, Robert H. Stamps, and Chris Marble

A UF/IFAS numbered Fact Sheet for Commercial audience(s). Published by Plant Systems

Biology and Management of Torpedograss (Panicum repens) in Ornamental Landscape Planting Beds

Yuvraj Khamare, Candice Prince, and Chris Marble

Torpedograss is one of the most invasive perennial grass species in Florida landscapes. This new 5-page publication of the UF/IFAS Environmental Horticulture Department was written for green industry professionals and others to aid in the identification and management of torpedograss in landscape planting beds. Written by Yuvraj Khamare, Candice Prince, and Chris Marble.

Biology and Management of Oxalis (Oxalis stricta) in Ornamental Crop Production

Matt Lollar and Chris Marble

A UF/IFAS numbered Management for Commercial audience(s). in support of UF/IFAS Extension program: Integrated Pest Management

Biology and Management of Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense) in Ornamental Crop Production and Landscapes

Ping Yu, Ernest Kraka, and Chris Marble

Johnsongrass is a warm-season perennial grass and one of the most persistent and troublesome weeds in the southern United States. This new 5-page publication of the UF/IFAS Environmental Horticulture Department was developed to help commercial nursery growers, landscapers, and other green industry professionals identify and manage johnsongrass. Written by Ping Yu, Ernest Kraka, and Chris Marble.

Natural Area Weeds: Skunkvine (Paederia foetida)

S. F. Enloe, S. C. Marble, and K. A. Langeland

A UF/IFAS numbered Fact Sheet.

Biology and Management of Florida Betony (Stachys floridana) in Ornamental Plants in Landscape Planting Beds

Thomas Smith and Chris Marble

A UF/IFAS numbered peer reviewed Fact Sheet. Published by Integrated Pest Management

Biology and Management of Long-Stalked Phyllanthus in Ornamental Crop Production

Theresa Chormanski, S. Chris Marble, and Lyn A. Gettys

This fact sheet discusses the characteristics of long-stalked phyllanthus and explains how to control its growth in a nursery environment.

Metsulfuron-Methyl-Containing Herbicides Potentially Damaging Ornamentals when Applied to Turfgrass

Chris Marble, Jason Smith, Timothy K. Broschat, Adam Black, Ed Gilman, and Celeste White

This document discusses the potential damage to ornamental plants when metsulfuron-methyl-containing herbicides are applied to turfgrass. It highlights the herbicide’s effectiveness in controlling broadleaf weeds but warns of its adverse effects on non-target ornamental species. The article provides guidelines for minimizing damage, including proper application techniques and timing. It also emphasizes the importance of understanding the herbicide’s properties and the susceptibility of various ornamental plants to avoid unintended harm. Original publication date April 2016.

Key Plant, Key Pests: Southern Yew (Podocarpus macrophyllus)

Brandon White, Chris Marble, Caroline R. Warwick, and Juanita Popenoe

This publication provides information and general management recommendations for dieback, fusarium wilt, root nodules, root rot, aphids, eriophyid mites, and scale. For a more comprehensive guide of woody ornamental insect management, download "Professional Disease Management Guide for Ornamental Plants" (http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/pp123) or the "Integrated Pest Management in the Commercial Ornamental Nursery" guide (https://site.caes.uga.edu/sehp/files/2020/03/UF-IPM-in-the-Commercial-Ornamental-Nursery.pdf). Additional information on pest management can be found in the 2017 Southeast Pest Control Guide for Nursery Crops and Landscape Plantings (https://content.ces.ncsu.edu/southeastern-us-pest-control-guide-for-nursery-crops-and-landscape-plantings).

Biology and Management of Graceful Sandmat (Euphorbia hypericifolia) in Ornamental Crop Production

Theresa Chormanski, Chris Marble, and Lyn Gettys

A UF/IFAS numbered Fact Sheet for Commercial audience(s). in support of UF/IFAS Extension program: Plant Systems

Biology and Management of Black Medic (Medicago lupulina) in Ornamental Crop Production and Landscape Planting Beds

Yuvraj Khamare and Chris Marble

Black medic is an annual or short-lived perennial commonly found in lawns, landscapes, containers, and orchards throughout Florida. This publication is intended for green industry professionals, Extension agents, homeowners, and others to provide guidance on the identification and management of black medic in and around ornamental plants.

Biology and Management of Poison Ivy (Toxicodendron radicans) in the Home Landscape

Yuvraj Khamare and Chris Marble

Poison ivy is an allergenic plant of the cashew family native to North America. Poison ivy, poison oak, and poison sumac all grow in Florida and contain the oily resin called urushiol. This new 4-page publication of the UF/IFAS Environmental Horticulture Department was written to aid landowners, gardeners, horticulturalists, and pest management professionals in identification and management of poison ivy in residential and commercial landscapes. Written by Yuvraj Khamare and Chris Marble.

Biology and Management of Benghal Dayflower (Commelina benghalensis) in Ornamental Crop Production

Yuvraj Khamare, Chris Marble, and Robert Stamps

Benghal dayflower has many characteristics that make it a very troublesome weed in Florida landscapes, nurseries and other agricultural production areas. This 5-page article is written for green industry professionals and others to aid in the identification and management of benghal dayflower in and around ornamental plants. Major revision by Yuvraj Khamare, Chris Marble, and Robert Stamps, and published by the UF/IFAS Environmental Horticulture Department.

Biology and Management of Thickhead (Crassocephalum crepidioides) in Ornamental Crop Production

Allison Bechtloff, Shawn Steed, Chris Marble, and Nathan Boyd

A UF/IFAS numbered Fact Sheet for Commercial audience(s). Published by Integrated Pest Management

Biology and Management of Asiatic False Hawksbeard (Youngia japonica) in Florida Ornamental Production and Landscapes

Heather Kalaman and Chris Marble

Asiatic false hawksbeard is a common, annual broadleaf weed found across Florida landscapes, agricultural production systems, home gardens, and natural areas. This article is written for home gardeners, commercial growers, and other green industry professionals to aid in the proper identification and management of Asiatic false hawksbeard in the landscape and in nursery production.

Biology and Management of Doveweed (Murdannia nudiflora) in Ornamental Crop Production

Yuvraj Khamare, Chris Marble, Nathan Boyd, and Shawn Steed

A UF/IFAS numbered peer reviewed Management for Commercial audience(s). Published by Integrated Pest Management

Common Poisonous Landscape Plant Species in Florida

Yuvraj Khamare and Chris Marble

In this rapidly urbanizing world, landscape plants serve as a convenient pathway for individuals to engage with nature. Due to Florida's subtropical climate, a vast array of diverse plant species is commonly used in home landscapes. However, it is important to note that many landscape plants can be toxic if consumed, posing risks to small children, pets, and even livestock such as cattle, horses, or sheep. These plant species can still be utilized in the landscape, but it is important to understand which species are toxic to prevent accidental exposure, particularly in environments where small children or pets could inadvertently come into contact with them. This EDIS publication informs home gardeners, pest management professionals, and other plant enthusiasts of some of the most common plants in home landscapes in Florida, focusing particularly on poisonous species that could potentially cause harm if ingested.

Uso Apropiado y Manipulación de Glifosato en Viveros de Plantas

Shawn T. Steed, Robert H. Stamps, Rodrigo Diaz y Chris Marble

El glifosato es el químico de protección para cultivos más vendido en el mundo y el herbicida mós usado en la industria de viveros de plantas en los Estados Unidos. El glifosato es usado para el control post emergente de malezas. Esta publicación describe el uso adecuado de glifosato para los productores de plantas y sus empleados.

Identification of Poison Ivy, Poison Oak, Poison Sumac, and Poisonwood

Sydney Park-Brown

Every year, numerous Floridians are accidentally poisoned by coming in contact with one of several plants typically found in Florida parks and woodlands. The most common plant encountered is poison ivy. Poison oak and poison sumac are also found in some of these settings. Poisoning by these plants is largely preventable. One can easily learn to identify these plants in their various forms with the aid of general descriptions and pictures and by observing plants in the wild. The purpose of this publication is to assist individuals in learning to identify these plants and avoid contact with them.